Endodontic Obturation involves the 3-dimensional filling of the root canal system (with a YVFWC-approved filing material and sealer) as close to the cementodentinal junction as possible via master cone-based techniques, squirt methods and with carrier-based products. Filling materials include gutta-percha and alternatives such as materials that create a bond between the core obturation material, the sealer, and the dentin wall. Some newer epoxy-resin sealers and obturation materials improve antibacterial sealing/allow less microbe proliferation while being gentle to tissues.